Improvement in car heaters and ventilators



E. S. JENISON. CAR-HEATER AND VENTILATOR.

Patented May23, 1876.

UNITED STATES PATENT .Qrrrcn.

EDWARD s. JENISON, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN CAR HEQ ATERS AND VENTILATORS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 177,847., dated May 23, 1876; application filed Y February 10, 1876. I I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD SJJENISON, ofUl1icago,in-tl1e county of (look and in the State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements'in Apparatus for Heating and Ventilating Gars, &c.; and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, makinga part of this specificatiomin which- Figure 1 is a plan view of the lower side of a car provided with my improved apparatus for warming and ventilating its interior. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlargedvertical section of the air-supply tube; and Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the relief-valve for connecting the supply and pressurekchambers.

Letters of like name and kind refer to like,

parts in each of the figures. v The design of my invention is to enable pub lie and private buildings, cars, steamers, 850.,

to be warmed and ventilated in a thorough and convenient manner; and, to this end,it consists, principally, in ventilating and heating apparatus, in which air is supplied to each person through a separate duct or channehsubstantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown. It consists, further, in heating and ventilating apparatus in which air is delivered to individuals through flexible or movable tubes, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter set forth. It consists, further, in heatin g and ventilating apparatus in which air is thrown downward toward the floor in jets, substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter shown and described. It consists, further, in heating and ventilating apparatus in which a portion or the whole of the air-supply may be drawn from the upper portion of the room or rooms that are being heated or ventilated,

substantially as and for the purpose hereinafter specified. ,It consists, further, in heating and ventilating apparatus in which the mechanism for setting in motion the air is providedwith a relief-valve, through which air may pass from the delivery-pipe to the supply-pipe whenever the pressure exceeds a given amount, substantially as and for the purpose hereinat'tershown.

While my invention is applicable wherever rooms are occupied for public or private pur- )0ses its 0 )eration and advanta es will be the same, in principle, in each case 5 and, l'orillustration, it will be sufficientto show its application in one instance, which, for convenience, is a railway-carriage.

In the annexed drawings, A represents the body of a railway=carriage constructed in the usual manner, and supported at each end upon a truck, B. Beneath the platform, at one end of the carriage A, or at some other suitable point, is placed a pressure-fan, G, which isinclosed within a suitable casing, 0, and is driven from a band-wheel, D, that is attached to one of the wheels or axles of the truck B by means of a belt, E, which passes around said band-wheel, and around a pulley, c, that is secured upon the end of the i'anshaft. From one side of the fan-casing c an airsnpply pipe, F, extends upward and toward the center of the carriage, and terminates in a box, F,

which is made open at its lower side, and at such point is covered by a screen, G, that is composed of woven fibrous material. From the upper side of the fan-casing c an air-delivery pipe, H, extends upward to a conveniently-located heater, I, while from the latter a pipe, K, extends along each side of the carriageA to the opposite end of the same,and at each seat-or, ifa sleeping-car, at each berthis provided with small pipes L and L, which extend to points within convenient reach of the occupants of said seats or berths. The

pipes L and L may be wholly or in part conroom will be'thoroughly warmed, and will receive an abundant supply of pure air.

While it is desirable that the constant inward flow of air to the car should not be checked, it is not at all times necessary that all of the air passing through the fan should.

2 when be drawn from without, as a portion of the same may be taken from the upper portion of the interior of said car, where the air is comparatively pure. To effect such object a pipe, M, passes from the upper portion of. the interior of the car A downward to, and is connected with, the air-supply pipe F at'any suitablepoint between its outerend and the fan 0. At the point of connection between the vertical and horizontal pipes F and M is pivoted a valve, N, which is capable of being turned so as to partially or entirely close either of said pipes.

When the valve N is placed so as to close the pipe F, all air entering the fan C will be drawn through the pipe M from the interior of the car; while, by reversing the -position of said valve, the entire supply of air will come from the exterior of said car. By arranging said valve at any point between its extremes the fan will draw air from both the exterior and interior of said car, the proportion from each pipe F and M corresponding to the degree in which they are unobstructed by said valve. As the speed of the fan corresponds to the velocity with which the car is moving the pressure of air within the pipes will vary'in like degree, so that if said fan is capable of supplyin g the desired pressure when said car is moving at a moderate speed an increase in the velocity of the latter will cause toomuch pressure, and render the apparatus less effective.

To remedy such difiiculty a chamber, 0, is provided upon one side of the supply-pipe F, and

at one end communicates with the fan-casing,

is exceeded, the result being that the air enters the car at a nearly-uniform velocity. It

is found that the fibrous screen Gr entirely excludes dust and cinders, and frees air entering the supply-pipe from these pests of travelers.

When not necessary to warm the air before admitting it to the car the heater may still form part of the delivery-duct or, if desired,

a separate pipe may extend from said duct below said heater to a point above the same,

and be provided.withsuitable valves for changing the'currentof air when necessary.

It will be seen that the means employed for afi'ordiug a supply air to each individual enables said air to he used with greater advanpipes L and L, and extend the main deliverypipe K along each side of the car near the floor, and provide it with small openings k and k, as seen in Fig. 2, so as to cause all of the air to be thrown outward and downward to said floor.

Having thus fully set forth. the nature and merits of my invention, what I claim as new 1s- 7 1. Ventilating and heating apparatus in which air'is supplied to each person through a separate duct or channel, substantially as I and for the purpose shown.

2. Ventilating and heating apparatus in which air is delivered to individuals through flexible or movabletubes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. Ventilating and heating apparatus .in

jwhich air is thrown downward. toward the -floor in jets, substantially as for the purpose shown and described. p 4. Ventilating and lieatin g apparatus in which a portion or the whole of the air-supply may be drawn from that contained within the I upper portion of the room or rooms being ventilated and heated, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. Ventilating and heating apparatus in which the mechanism for setting in motion the air is provided With a relief-valve, through which air may pass from the delivery-pipe to the supply-pipe whenever the pressure exceeds a given amount, substantially as and for the purpose shown.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 3d'day of February, 1876.

EDWARD S. JENISON. Witnesses:

SAMUEL B. MUNsoN, Jr., AARON F. BATES. 

